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管理数据库

与传统数据库引擎类似，您也可以在 Milvus 中创建数据库，并为某些用户分配管理这些数据库的权限。这样，这些用户就有权管理数据库中的数据集。一个 Milvus 集群最多支持 64 个数据库。

本页的代码片段使用PyMilvus ORM 模块与Milvus交互。使用新MilvusClient SDK的代码片段即将发布。

创建数据库

使用connect()连接 Milvus 服务器，并使用create_database()创建新数据库：

使用MilvusClient连接 Milvus 服务器，并使用createDatabase()创建新数据库：

使用MilvusClient连接 Milvus 服务器，并使用createDatabase()创建新数据库：

Python Java Node.js
from pymilvus import connections, db

conn = connections.connect(host="127.0.0.1", port=19530)

database = db.create_database("my_database")

import io.milvus.client.MilvusServiceClient;
import io.milvus.param.ConnectParam;
import io.milvus.param.collection.CreateDatabaseParam;

// 1. Connect to Milvus server
ConnectParam connectParam = ConnectParam.newBuilder()
    .withUri(CLUSTER_ENDPOINT)
    .withToken(TOKEN)
    .build();

MilvusServiceClient client = new MilvusServiceClient(connectParam);

// 3. Create a new database
CreateDatabaseParam createDatabaseParam = CreateDatabaseParam.newBuilder()
    .withDatabaseName("")
    .build();

R<RpcStatus> response = client.createDatabase(createDatabaseParam);

const address = "http://localhost:19530";

// 1. Set up a Milvus Client
client = new MilvusClient({ address });

// 3. Create a database
res = await client.createDatabase({
    db_name: "my_database",
});

console.log(res);

// {
//   error_code: 'Success',
//   reason: '',
//   code: 0,
//   retriable: false,
//   detail: ''
// }

上述代码片段连接到默认数据库，并创建一个名为my_database 的新数据库。

使用数据库

Milvus 集群随附一个默认数据库，名为 "default"。除非另有说明，否则将在默认数据库中创建集合。

更改默认数据库的步骤如下：

Python Java Node.js
db.using_database("my_database")

// No equivalent method is available.

// 4. Activate another database
res = await client.useDatabase({
    db_name: "my_database",
});

console.log(res);

您还可以设置连接到 Milvus 集群时使用的数据库，如下所示：

Python Java Node.js
conn = connections.connect(
    host="127.0.0.1",
    port="19530",
    db_name="my_database"
)

ConnectParam connectParam = ConnectParam.newBuilder()
    .withDatabaseName("my_database")
    .withUri(CLUSTER_ENDPOINT)
    .withToken(TOKEN)
    .build();

MilvusServiceClient client = new MilvusServiceClient(connectParam);

const address = "http://localhost:19530";
const db_name = "my_database";

// 1. Set up a Milvus Client
client = new MilvusClient({ address, db_name });

列出数据库

要查找 Milvus 集群中的所有现有数据库，请使用list_database()方法：

要查找 Milvus 集群中的所有现有数据库，请使用listDatabases()方法：

要查找 Milvus 集群中的所有现有数据库，请使用listDatabases()方法：

Python Java Node.js
db.list_database()

# Output
['default', 'my_database']

import io.milvus.grpc.ListDatabasesResponse;
import io.milvus.param.R;

// 2. List all databases
R<ListDatabasesResponse> listDatabasesResponse = client.listDatabases();
System.out.println(listDatabasesResponse.getData());

// status {
// }
// db_names: "default"
// db_names: "my_database"
// created_timestamp: 1716794498117757990
// created_timestamp: 1716797196479639477

res = await client.listDatabases();

console.log(res.db_names);

// [ 'default', 'my_database' ]

删除数据库

要删除数据库，必须先删除其所有集合。否则，删除将失败。

要丢弃数据库，请使用drop_database()方法：

要丢弃数据库，请使用dropDatabase()方法：

要停用数据库，请使用dropDatabase()方法：

Python Java Node.js
db.drop_database("my_database")

db.list_database()

# Output
['default']

import io.milvus.param.collection.DropDatabaseParam;

DropDatabaseParam dropDatabaseParam = DropDatabaseParam.newBuilder()
    .withDatabaseName("my_database")
    .build();

response = client.dropDatabase(dropDatabaseParam);

res = await client.dropDatabase({
    db_name: "my_database",
});

在数据库中使用 RBAC

RBAC 还涵盖数据库操作，并确保向前兼容。权限 API（授予/撤销/列表授予）中的数据库一词有以下含义：

  • 如果 Milvus 连接或权限 API 调用都没有指定db_name ，则数据库指的是默认数据库。
  • 如果 Milvus 连接指定了db_name ，但之后的权限 API 调用没有指定，则数据库指的是 Milvus 连接中指定名称的数据库。
  • 如果在 Milvus 连接上进行了权限 API 调用，无论是否指定了db_name ，数据库都指权限 API 调用中指定名称的数据库。

以下代码片段在以下列出的代码块中共享。

Python Java Node.js
from pymilvus import connections, Role

_URI = "http://localhost:19530"
_TOKEN = "root:Milvus"
_DB_NAME = "default"


def connect_to_milvus(db_name="default"):
    print(f"connect to milvus\n")
    connections.connect(
        uri=_URI,
        token=_TOKEN,
        db_name=db_name
    )

String URI = "http://localhost:19530";
String TOKEN = "root:Milvus";

public class ConnectToMilvus {
    private String _dbName = "default";

    public newBuilder() {}

    public MilvusServiceClient build() {
        ConnectParam connectParam = ConnectParam.newBuilder()
            .withUri(URI)
            .withToken(TOKEN)
            .withDatabaseName(_dbNAME)
            .build();

        return new MilvusServiceClient(connectParam);
    }

    public newBuilder withDbName(String dbName) {
        this._dbName = dbName;
        return this;
    }
}

const address = "http://localhost:19530";
const token = "root:Milvus";

function connectToMilvus(dbName = "default") {
    const client = new MilvusClient({
        address,
        token,
        dbName,
    });

    return client;
}

  • 如果 Milvus 连接或权限 API 调用都未指定db_name ，则数据库指的是默认数据库。

    Python JavaNode.js

    _ROLE_NAME = "test_role"
_PRIVILEGE_INSERT = "Insert"

connect_to_milvus()
role = Role(_ROLE_NAME)
role.create()

connect_to_milvus()
role.grant("Collection", "*", _PRIVILEGE_INSERT)
print(role.list_grants())
print(role.list_grant("Collection", "*"))
role.revoke("Global", "*", _PRIVILEGE_INSERT)

    String ROLE_NAME = "test_role";
String PRIVILEGE_INSERT = "Insert";

MilvusServiceClient client = new ConnectToMilvus().build();
R<RpcStatus> response = client.createRole(CreateRoleParam.newBuilder()
    .withRoleName(ROLE_NAME)
    .build());

if (response.getStatus() != R.Status.Success.getCode()) {
    throw new RuntimeException(response.getMessage());
}

response = client.grantRolePrivilege(GrantRolePriviledgeParam.newBuilder()
    .withRoleName(ROLE_NAME)
    .withObject("Collection")
    .withObjectName("*")
    .withPrivilege(PRIVILEGE_INSERT)
    .build());

if (response.getStatus() != R.Status.Success.getCode()) {
    throw new RuntimeException(response.getMessage());
}

R<SelectGrantResponse> grants = client.selectGrantForRole(SelectGrantForRoleParam.newBuilder()
    .withRoleName(ROLE_NAME)
    .build());

if (grants.getStatus() != R.Status.Success.getCode()) {
    throw new RuntimeException(grants.getMessage());
}

System.out.println(grants.getData());

grants = client.selectGrantForRoleAndObject(SelectGrantForRoleAndObjectParam.newBuilder()
    .withRoleName(ROLE_NAME)
    .withObject("Collection")
    .withObjectName("*")
    .build());

if (grants.getStatus() != R.Status.Success.getCode()) {
    throw new RuntimeException(grants.getMessage());
}

System.out.println(grants.getData());

response = client.revokeRolePrivilege(RevokeRolePrivilegeParam.newBuilder()
    .withRoleName(ROLE_NAME)
    .withObject("Global")
    .withObjectName("*")
    .withPrivilege(PRIVILEGE_INSERT)
    .build());

if (response.getStatus() != R.Status.Success.getCode()) {
    throw new RuntimeException(response.getMessage());
}

response = client.revokeRolePrivilege(RevokeRolePrivilegeParam.newBuilder()
    .withRoleName(ROLE_NAME)
    .withObject("Global")
    .withObjectName("*")
    .withPrivilege(PRIVILEGE_INSERT)
    .build());

if (response.getStatus() != R.Status.Success.getCode()) {
    throw new RuntimeException(response.getMessage());
}

    const ROLE_NAME = "test_role";
const PRIVILEGE_INSERT = "Insert";

const client = connectToMilvus();

async function demo() {}
await client.createRole({
  roleName: ROLE_NAME,
});

const grants = await client.listGrants({
  roleName: ROLE_NAME,
});

console.log(grants.grants);

await client.revokePrivilege({
  roleName: ROLE_NAME,
  object: "Global",
  objectName: "*",
  privilege: PRIVILEGE_INSERT,
});

  • 如果 Milvus 连接指定了db_name ，但之后的 Permission API 调用没有指定，则数据库指向 Milvus 连接中指定名称的数据库。

    Python JavaNode.js

    # NOTE: please make sure the 'foo' db has been created
connect_to_milvus(db_name="foo")

# This role will have the insert permission of all collections under foo db,
# excluding the insert permissions of collections under other dbs
role.grant("Collection", "*", _PRIVILEGE_INSERT)
print(role.list_grants())
print(role.list_grant("Collection", "*"))
role.revoke("Global", "*", _PRIVILEGE_INSERT)

    // NOTE: please make sure the 'foo' db has been created
MilvusServiceClient client = new ConnectToMilvus().withDbName("foo").build();

// This role will have the insert permission of all collections under foo db,
// excluding the insert permissions of collections under other dbs
R<RpcStatus> response = client.grantRolePrivilege(GrantRolePriviledgeParam.newBuilder()
    .withRoleName(ROLE_NAME)
    .withObject("Collection")
    .withObjectName("*")
    .withPrivilege(PRIVILEGE_INSERT)
    .build());

if (response.getStatus() != R.Status.Success.getCode()) {
    throw new RuntimeException(response.getMessage());
}

R<SelectGrantResponse> grants = client.selectGrantForRole(SelectGrantForRoleParam.newBuilder()
    .withRoleName(ROLE_NAME)
    .build());

if (grants.getStatus() != R.Status.Success.getCode()) {
    throw new RuntimeException(grants.getMessage());
}

System.out.println(grants.getData());

grants = client.selectGrantForRoleAndObject(SelectGrantForRoleAndObjectParam.newBuilder()
    .withRoleName(ROLE_NAME)
    .withObject("Collection")
    .withObjectName("*")
    .build());

if (grants.getStatus() != R.Status.Success.getCode()) {
    throw new RuntimeException(grants.getMessage());
}

System.out.println(grants.getData());

response = client.revokeRolePrivilege(RevokeRolePrivilegeParam.newBuilder()
    .withRoleName(ROLE_NAME)
    .withObject("Global")
    .withObjectName("*")
    .withPrivilege(PRIVILEGE_INSERT)
    .build());

if (response.getStatus() != R.Status.Success.getCode()) {
    throw new RuntimeException(response.getMessage());
}

    const client = connectToMilvus("foo");

async function demo() {}
await client.createRole({
  roleName: ROLE_NAME,
});

const grants = await client.listGrants({
  roleName: ROLE_NAME,
});

console.log(grants.grants);

await client.revokePrivilege({
  roleName: ROLE_NAME,
  object: "Global",
  objectName: "*",
  privilege: PRIVILEGE_INSERT,
});

  • 如果在 Milvus 连接上进行了 Permission API 调用，无论是否指定了db_name ，数据库都是指在 Permission API 调用中指定了名称的数据库。

    Python JavaNode.js

    # NOTE: please make sure the 'foo' db has been created

db_name = "foo"
connect_to_milvus()
role.grant("Collection", "*", _PRIVILEGE_INSERT, db_name=db_name)
print(role.list_grants(db_name=db_name))
print(role.list_grant("Collection", "*", db_name=db_name))
role.revoke("Global", "*", _PRIVILEGE_INSERT, db_name=db_name)

    // NOTE: please make sure the 'foo' db has been created

String dbName = "foo";
MilvusServiceClient client = new ConnectToMilvus().build();

R<RpcStatus> response = client.grantRolePrivilege(GrantRolePriviledgeParam.newBuilder()
    .withRoleName(ROLE_NAME)
    .withObject("Collection")
    .withObjectName("*")
    .withPrivilege(PRIVILEGE_INSERT)
    .withDatabaseName(dbName)
    .build());

if (response.getStatus() != R.Status.Success.getCode()) {
    throw new RuntimeException(response.getMessage());
}

R<SelectGrantResponse> grants = client.selectGrantForRole(SelectGrantForRoleParam.newBuilder()
    .withRoleName(ROLE_NAME)
    .withDatabaseName(dbName)
    .build());

if (grants.getStatus() != R.Status.Success.getCode()) {
    throw new RuntimeException(grants.getMessage());
}

System.out.println(grants.getData());

grants = client.selectGrantForRoleAndObject(SelectGrantForRoleAndObjectParam.newBuilder()
    .withRoleName(ROLE_NAME)
    .withObject("Collection")
    .withObjectName("*")
    .withDatabaseName(dbName)
    .build());

if (grants.getStatus() != R.Status.Success.getCode()) {
    throw new RuntimeException(grants.getMessage());
}

System.out.println(grants.getData());

response = client.revokeRolePrivilege(RevokeRolePrivilegeParam.newBuilder()
    .withRoleName(ROLE_NAME)
    .withObject("Global")
    .withObjectName("*")
    .withPrivilege(PRIVILEGE_INSERT)
    .withDatabaseName(dbName)
    .build());

if (response.getStatus() != R.Status.Success.getCode()) {
    throw new RuntimeException(response.getMessage());
}

    // The Node.js SDK currently cannot support this case.

下一步

翻译自DeepL

目录

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