标量字段索引

在 Milvus 中，标量索引用于通过特定的非向量字段值加速元过滤，类似于传统的数据库索引。本指南将指导你为整数、字符串等字段创建和配置标量索引。

标量索引的类型

• 自动索引：Milvus 根据标量字段的数据类型自动决定索引类型。这适用于不需要控制特定索引类型的情况。

• 自定义索引：你可以指定精确的索引类型，如倒排索引。这为索引类型选择提供了更多控制。

自动索引

有关标量数据类型和默认索引算法之间的映射，请参阅标量字段索引算法。

# Auto indexing
client = MilvusClient(
    uri="http://localhost:19530"
)

index_params = MilvusClient.prepare_index_params() # Prepare an empty IndexParams object, without having to specify any index parameters

index_params.add_index(
    field_name="scalar_1", # Name of the scalar field to be indexed
    index_type="", # Type of index to be created. For auto indexing, leave it empty or omit this parameter.
    index_name="default_index" # Name of the index to be created
)

client.create_index(
  collection_name="test_scalar_index", # Specify the collection name
  index_params=index_params
)

import io.milvus.v2.common.IndexParam;
import io.milvus.v2.service.index.request.CreateIndexReq;

IndexParam indexParamForScalarField = IndexParam.builder()
    .fieldName("scalar_1") // Name of the scalar field to be indexed
    .indexName("default_index") // Name of the index to be created
    .indexType("") // Type of index to be created. For auto indexing, leave it empty or omit this parameter.
    .build();

List<IndexParam> indexParams = new ArrayList<>();
indexParams.add(indexParamForVectorField);

CreateIndexReq createIndexReq = CreateIndexReq.builder()
    .collectionName("test_scalar_index") // Specify the collection name
    .indexParams(indexParams)
    .build();

client.createIndex(createIndexReq);

await client.createIndex({
    collection_name: "test_scalar_index", // Specify the collection name
    field_name: "scalar_1", // Name of the scalar field to be indexed
    index_name: "default_index", // Name of the index to be created
    index_type: "" // Type of index to be created. For auto indexing, leave it empty or omit this parameter.
})

自定义索引

下面的示例为标量字段scalar_2 创建了一个反转索引。

index_params = MilvusClient.prepare_index_params() #  Prepare an IndexParams object

index_params.add_index(
    field_name="scalar_2", # Name of the scalar field to be indexed
    index_type="INVERTED", # Type of index to be created
    index_name="inverted_index" # Name of the index to be created
)

client.create_index(
  collection_name="test_scalar_index", # Specify the collection name
  index_params=index_params
)

import io.milvus.v2.common.IndexParam;
import io.milvus.v2.service.index.request.CreateIndexReq;

IndexParam indexParamForScalarField = IndexParam.builder()
    .fieldName("scalar_1") // Name of the scalar field to be indexed
    .indexName("inverted_index") // Name of the index to be created
    .indexType("INVERTED") // Type of index to be created
    .build();

List<IndexParam> indexParams = new ArrayList<>();
indexParams.add(indexParamForVectorField);

CreateIndexReq createIndexReq = CreateIndexReq.builder()
    .collectionName("test_scalar_index") // Specify the collection name
    .indexParams(indexParams)
    .build();

client.createIndex(createIndexReq);

await client.createIndex({
    collection_name: "test_scalar_index", // Specify the collection name
    field_name: "scalar_1", // Name of the scalar field to be indexed
    index_name: "inverted_index", // Name of the index to be created
    index_type: "INVERTED" // Type of index to be created
})

验证结果

client.list_indexes(
    collection_name="test_scalar_index"  # Specify the collection name
)

# Output:
# ['default_index','inverted_index']

import java.util.List;
import io.milvus.v2.service.index.request.ListIndexesReq;

ListIndexesReq listIndexesReq = ListIndexesReq.builder()
    .collectionName("test_scalar_index")  // Specify the collection name
    .build();

List<String> indexNames = client.listIndexes(listIndexesReq);

System.out.println(indexNames);

// Output:
// [
//     "default_index",
//     "inverted_index"
// ]

res = await client.listIndexes({
    collection_name: 'test_scalar_index'
})

console.log(res.indexes)

// Output:
// [
//     "default_index",
//     "inverted_index"
// ]   

限制

• 目前，标量索引支持 INT8、INT16、INT32、INT64、FLOAT、DOUBLE、BOOL、VARCHAR 和 ARRAY 数据类型，但不支持 JSON 数据类型。