🚀 免費嘗試 Zilliz Cloud,完全托管的 Milvus,體驗速度提升 10 倍!立即嘗試

milvus-logo
LFAI
主頁
  • 使用者指南
  • Home
  • Docs
  • 使用者指南

  • 搜尋與重新排名

  • 查詢

查詢

除了 ANN 搜尋,Milvus 也支援透過查詢來過濾元資料。本頁介紹如何使用 Query、Get 和 QueryIterators 來執行元資料篩選。

總覽

一個 Collection 可以儲存各種類型的標量欄位。你可以讓 Milvus 基於一個或多個標量欄位篩選 Entities。Milvus 提供三種類型的查詢:Query、Get 和 QueryIterator。下表比較了這三種查詢類型。

獲取

查詢

查詢迭代器

適用場景

要尋找持有指定主鍵的實體。

尋找符合自訂篩選條件的所有或指定數量的實體

在分頁查詢中尋找符合自訂篩選條件的所有實體。

篩選方法

透過主鍵

透過篩選表達式。

透過篩選表達式。

必須參數

  • 集合名稱

  • 主鍵

  • 集合名稱

  • 篩選表達式

  • 收藏集名稱

  • 篩選表達式

  • 每次查詢要返回的實體數量

可選參數

  • 分區名稱

  • 輸出欄位

  • 分區名稱

  • 要返回的實體數量

  • 輸出欄位

  • 分區名稱

  • 要返回的實體總數

  • 輸出欄位

返回值

回傳指定集合或分割區中持有指定主索引鍵的實體。

傳回指定集合或分割區中符合自訂篩選條件的所有或指定數量的實體。

透過分頁查詢傳回指定集合或分割區中符合自訂篩選條件的所有實體。

如需關於元資料篩選的更多資訊,請參閱元資料篩選

使用 Get

當您需要根據主鍵尋找實體時,您可以使用Get方法。以下程式碼範例假設在您的集合中有三個欄位名為id,vector, 和color ,並傳回主索引鍵為1,2, 和3 的實體。

[
        {"id": 0, "vector": [0.3580376395471989, -0.6023495712049978, 0.18414012509913835, -0.26286205330961354, 0.9029438446296592], "color": "pink_8682"},
        {"id": 1, "vector": [0.19886812562848388, 0.06023560599112088, 0.6976963061752597, 0.2614474506242501, 0.838729485096104], "color": "red_7025"},
        {"id": 2, "vector": [0.43742130801983836, -0.5597502546264526, 0.6457887650909682, 0.7894058910881185, 0.20785793220625592], "color": "orange_6781"},
        {"id": 3, "vector": [0.3172005263489739, 0.9719044792798428, -0.36981146090600725, -0.4860894583077995, 0.95791889146345], "color": "pink_9298"},
        {"id": 4, "vector": [0.4452349528804562, -0.8757026943054742, 0.8220779437047674, 0.46406290649483184, 0.30337481143159106], "color": "red_4794"},
        {"id": 5, "vector": [0.985825131989184, -0.8144651566660419, 0.6299267002202009, 0.1206906911183383, -0.1446277761879955], "color": "yellow_4222"},
        {"id": 6, "vector": [0.8371977790571115, -0.015764369584852833, -0.31062937026679327, -0.562666951622192, -0.8984947637863987], "color": "red_9392"},
        {"id": 7, "vector": [-0.33445148015177995, -0.2567135004164067, 0.8987539745369246, 0.9402995886420709, 0.5378064918413052], "color": "grey_8510"},
        {"id": 8, "vector": [0.39524717779832685, 0.4000257286739164, -0.5890507376891594, -0.8650502298996872, -0.6140360785406336], "color": "white_9381"},
        {"id": 9, "vector": [0.5718280481994695, 0.24070317428066512, -0.3737913482606834, -0.06726932177492717, -0.6980531615588608], "color": "purple_4976"},
]

from pymilvus import MilvusClient

client = MilvusClient(
    uri="http://localhost:19530",
    token="root:Milvus"
)

res = client.get(
    collection_name="query_collection",
    ids=[0, 1, 2],
    output_fields=["vector", "color"]
)

print(res)

import io.milvus.v2.client.ConnectConfig;
import io.milvus.v2.client.MilvusClientV2;
import io.milvus.v2.service.vector.request.GetReq
import io.milvus.v2.service.vector.request.GetResp
import java.util.*;

MilvusClientV2 client = new MilvusClientV2(ConnectConfig.builder()
        .uri("http://localhost:19530")
        .token("root:Milvus")
        .build());
        
GetReq getReq = GetReq.builder()
        .collectionName("query_collection")
        .ids(Arrays.asList(0, 1, 2))
        .outputFields(Arrays.asList("vector", "color"))
        .build();

GetResp getResp = client.get(getReq);

List<QueryResp.QueryResult> results = getResp.getGetResults();
for (QueryResp.QueryResult result : results) {
    System.out.println(result.getEntity());
}

// Output
// {color=pink_8682, vector=[0.35803765, -0.6023496, 0.18414013, -0.26286206, 0.90294385], id=0}
// {color=red_7025, vector=[0.19886813, 0.060235605, 0.6976963, 0.26144746, 0.8387295], id=1}
// {color=orange_6781, vector=[0.43742132, -0.55975026, 0.6457888, 0.7894059, 0.20785794], id=2}

import { MilvusClient, DataType } from "@zilliz/milvus2-sdk-node";

const address = "http://localhost:19530";
const token = "root:Milvus";
const client = new MilvusClient({address, token});

const res = client.get({
    collection_name="query_collection",
    ids=[0,1,2],
    output_fields=["vector", "color"]
})

export CLUSTER_ENDPOINT="http://localhost:19530"
export TOKEN="root:Milvus"

curl --request POST \
--url "${CLUSTER_ENDPOINT}/v2/vectordb/entities/get" \
--header "Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" \
--header "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{
    "collectionName": "quick_setup",
    "id": [0, 1, 2],
    "outputFields": ["vector", "color"]
}'

# {"code":0,"cost":0,"data":[{"color":"pink_8682","id":0,"vector":[0.35803765,-0.6023496,0.18414013,-0.26286206,0.90294385]},{"color":"red_7025","id":1,"vector":[0.19886813,0.060235605,0.6976963,0.26144746,0.8387295]},{"color":"orange_6781","id":2,"vector":[0.43742132,-0.55975026,0.6457888,0.7894059,0.20785794]}]}

使用查詢

當您需要透過自訂篩選條件尋找實體時,請使用 Query 方法。下面的程式碼範例假設有三個欄位名為id,vector, 和color ,並傳回以red 開始持有color 值的指定數量的實體。

from pymilvus import MilvusClient

client = MilvusClient(
    uri="http://localhost:19530",
    token="root:Milvus"
)

res = client.query(
    collection_name="query_collection",
    filter="color like \"red%\"",
    output_fields=["vector", "color"],
    limit=3
)


import io.milvus.v2.service.vector.request.QueryReq
import io.milvus.v2.service.vector.request.QueryResp


QueryReq queryReq = QueryReq.builder()
        .collectionName("query_collection")
        .filter("color like \"red%\"")
        .outputFields(Arrays.asList("vector", "color"))
        .limit(3)
        .build();

QueryResp getResp = client.query(queryReq);

List<QueryResp.QueryResult> results = getResp.getQueryResults();
for (QueryResp.QueryResult result : results) {
    System.out.println(result.getEntity());
}

// Output
// {color=red_7025, vector=[0.19886813, 0.060235605, 0.6976963, 0.26144746, 0.8387295], id=1}
// {color=red_4794, vector=[0.44523495, -0.8757027, 0.82207793, 0.4640629, 0.3033748], id=4}
// {color=red_9392, vector=[0.8371978, -0.015764369, -0.31062937, -0.56266695, -0.8984948], id=6}

import (
    "context"
    "fmt"
    "log"

    "github.com/milvus-io/milvus/client/v2"
)

func ExampleClient_Query_basic() {
    ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
    defer cancel()

    milvusAddr := "127.0.0.1:19530"
    token := "root:Milvus"

    cli, err := client.New(ctx, &client.ClientConfig{
        Address: milvusAddr,
        APIKey:  token,
    })
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal("failed to connect to milvus server: ", err.Error())
    }

    defer cli.Close(ctx)

    resultSet, err := cli.Query(ctx, client.NewQueryOption("query_collection").
        WithFilter(`color like "red%"`).
        WithOutputFields("vector", "color").
        WithLimit(3))

    fmt.Println(resultSet.GetColumn("color"))
}


import { MilvusClient, DataType } from "@zilliz/milvus2-sdk-node";

const address = "http://localhost:19530";
const token = "root:Milvus";
const client = new MilvusClient({address, token});

const res = client.query({
    collection_name="quick_setup",
    filter='color like "red%"',
    output_fields=["vector", "color"],
    limit(3)
})

export CLUSTER_ENDPOINT="http://localhost:19530"
export TOKEN="root:Milvus"

curl --request POST \
--url "${CLUSTER_ENDPOINT}/v2/vectordb/entities/query" \
--header "Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" \
--header "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{
    "collectionName": "quick_setup",
    "filter": "color like \"red%\"",
    "limit": 3,
    "outputFields": ["vector", "color"]
}'
#{"code":0,"cost":0,"data":[{"color":"red_7025","id":1,"vector":[0.19886813,0.060235605,0.6976963,0.26144746,0.8387295]},{"color":"red_4794","id":4,"vector":[0.44523495,-0.8757027,0.82207793,0.4640629,0.3033748]},{"color":"red_9392","id":6,"vector":[0.8371978,-0.015764369,-0.31062937,-0.56266695,-0.8984948]}]}

使用查詢迭代器

當您需要透過分頁查詢以自訂過濾條件尋找實體時,請建立一個QueryIterator,並使用其next()方法遍歷所有實體,以找出符合過濾條件的實體。以下程式碼範例假設有三個欄位,分別命名為id,vector, 和color ,並返回所有持有color 值的實體,從red 開始。

from pymilvus import connections, Collection

connections.connect(
    uri="http://localhost:19530",
    token="root:Milvus"
)

collection = Collection("query_collection")

iterator = collection.query_iterator(
    batch_size=10,
    expr="color like \"red%\"",
    output_fields=["color"]
)

results = []

while True:
    result = iterator.next()
    if not result:
        iterator.close()
        break

    print(result)
    results += result

import io.milvus.orm.iterator.QueryIterator;
import io.milvus.response.QueryResultsWrapper;
import io.milvus.v2.common.ConsistencyLevel;
import io.milvus.v2.service.vector.request.QueryIteratorReq;


QueryIteratorReq req = QueryIteratorReq.builder()
        .collectionName("query_collection")
        .expr("color like \"red%\"")
        .batchSize(50L)
        .outputFields(Collections.singletonList("color"))
        .consistencyLevel(ConsistencyLevel.BOUNDED)
        .build();
QueryIterator queryIterator = client.queryIterator(req);

while (true) {
    List<QueryResultsWrapper.RowRecord> res = queryIterator.next();
    if (res.isEmpty()) {
        queryIterator.close();
        break;
    }

    for (QueryResultsWrapper.RowRecord record : res) {
        System.out.println(record);
    }
}

// Output
// [color:red_7025, id:1]
// [color:red_4794, id:4]
// [color:red_9392, id:6]

import { MilvusClient, DataType } from "@zilliz/milvus2-sdk-node";

const iterator = await milvusClient.queryIterator({
  collection_name: 'query_collection',
  batchSize: 10,
  expr: 'color like "red%"',
  output_fields: ['color'],
});

const results = [];
for await (const value of iterator) {
  results.push(...value);
  page += 1;
}

# Currently not available

分區中的查詢

您也可以透過在 Get、Query 或 QueryIterator 請求中包含分區名稱,在一個或多個分區中執行查詢。以下程式碼範例假設集合中有一個名為PartitionA的分割區。

from pymilvus import MilvusClient
client = MilvusClient(
    uri="http://localhost:19530",
    token="root:Milvus"
)

res = client.get(
    collection_name="query_collection",
    # highlight-next-line
    partitionNames=["partitionA"],
    ids=[0, 1, 2],
    output_fields=["vector", "color"]
)

from pymilvus import MilvusClient

client = MilvusClient(
    uri="http://localhost:19530",
    token="root:Milvus"
)

res = client.query(
    collection_name="query_collection",
    # highlight-next-line
    partitionNames=["partitionA"],
    filter="color like \"red%\"",
    output_fields=["vector", "color"],
    limit=3
)

# 使用 QueryIterator
from pymilvus import connections, Collection

connections.connect(
    uri="http://localhost:19530",
    token="root:Milvus"
)

collection = Collection("query_collection")

iterator = collection.query_iterator(
    # highlight-next-line
    partition_names=["partitionA"],
    batch_size=10,
    expr="color like \"red%\"",
    output_fields=["color"]
)

results = []

while True:
    result = iterator.next()
    if not result:
        iterator.close()
        break

    print(result)
    results += result

GetReq getReq = GetReq.builder()
        .collectionName("query_collection")
        .partitionName("partitionA")
        .ids(Arrays.asList(10, 11, 12))
        .outputFields(Collections.singletonList("color"))
        .build();

GetResp getResp = client.get(getReq);


QueryReq queryReq = QueryReq.builder()
        .collectionName("query_collection")
        .partitionNames(Collections.singletonList("partitionA"))
        .filter("color like \"red%\"")
        .outputFields(Collections.singletonList("color"))
        .limit(3)
        .build();

QueryResp getResp = client.query(queryReq);


QueryIteratorReq req = QueryIteratorReq.builder()
        .collectionName("query_collection")
        .partitionNames(Collections.singletonList("partitionA"))
        .expr("color like \"red%\"")
        .batchSize(50L)
        .outputFields(Collections.singletonList("color"))
        .consistencyLevel(ConsistencyLevel.BOUNDED)
        .build();
QueryIterator queryIterator = client.queryIterator(req);

import { MilvusClient, DataType } from "@zilliz/milvus2-sdk-node";

const address = "http://localhost:19530";
const token = "root:Milvus";
const client = new MilvusClient({address, token});

// 使用 Get 方法
var res = client.query({
    collection_name="query_collection",
    // highlight-next-line
    partition_names=["partitionA"],
    filter='color like "red%"',
    output_fields=["vector", "color"],
    limit(3)
})

// 使用 Query 方法
res = client.query({
    collection_name="query_collection",
    // highlight-next-line
    partition_names=["partitionA"],
    filter="color like \"red%\"",
    output_fields=["vector", "color"],
    limit(3)
})

// 暂不支持使用 QueryIterator
const iterator = await milvusClient.queryIterator({
  collection_name: 'query_collection',
  partition_names: ['partitionA'],
  batchSize: 10,
  expr: 'color like "red%"',
  output_fields: ['vector', 'color'],
});

const results = [];
for await (const value of iterator) {
  results.push(...value);
  page += 1;
}

export CLUSTER_ENDPOINT="http://localhost:19530"
export TOKEN="root:Milvus"

# 使用 Get 方法
curl --request POST \
--url "${CLUSTER_ENDPOINT}/v2/vectordb/entities/get" \
--header "Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" \
--header "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{
    "collectionName": "query_collection",
    "partitionNames": ["partitionA"],
    "id": [0, 1, 2],
    "outputFields": ["vector", "color"]
}'

# 使用 Query 方法
curl --request POST \
--url "${CLUSTER_ENDPOINT}/v2/vectordb/entities/get" \
--header "Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" \
--header "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{
    "collectionName": "query_collection",
    "partitionNames": ["partitionA"],
    "filter": "color like \"red%\"",
    "limit": 3,
    "outputFields": ["vector", "color"],
    "id": [0, 1, 2]
}'

免費嘗試托管的 Milvus

Zilliz Cloud 無縫接入,由 Milvus 提供動力,速度提升 10 倍。

開始使用
反饋

這個頁面有幫助嗎?