The most widely used AR software development kits (SDKs) are ARKit (Apple), ARCore (Google), Vuforia, and Unity’s AR Foundation, along with specialized tools like Niantic Lightship and WebXR. These SDKs provide the core functionality needed to build AR applications, such as motion tracking, environmental understanding, and object recognition. Developers often choose SDKs based on target platforms, use cases, and integration with existing workflows.
ARKit (iOS) and ARCore (Android) are the dominant native SDKs for mobile AR. ARKit excels in device-specific features like LiDAR-based depth sensing (on supported iPhones/iPads) for precise occlusion and 3D mapping. ARCore emphasizes cross-device compatibility, offering features like Cloud Anchors for shared AR experiences across Android and iOS. Both support motion tracking and plane detection, enabling apps like IKEA Place (ARKit) or Google Maps Live View (ARCore). Vuforia, a cross-platform SDK, is popular for industrial and enterprise applications due to advanced image recognition, object tracking, and support for CAD models. For example, it’s used in factory training apps to overlay instructions on machinery. Unity’s AR Foundation abstracts ARKit and ARCore into a unified framework, allowing developers to write code once for both platforms. It’s ideal for game engines or apps requiring 3D content, leveraging Unity’s asset pipeline and physics system.
For niche use cases, Niantic Lightship (used in Pokémon GO) focuses on large-scale, location-based AR with geospatial mapping and multiplayer support. WebXR enables browser-based AR without app downloads, using JavaScript frameworks like A-Frame or Three.js. Snap’s Lens Studio targets social media AR filters, offering templates for face tracking and world effects. Developers working with wearables like Microsoft HoloLens often use Mixed Reality Toolkit (MRTK), which integrates with Unity for hand-tracking and spatial anchors. Open-source options like OpenXR provide vendor-neutral APIs for cross-device compatibility. When selecting an SDK, prioritize platform support, feature requirements (e.g., SLAM, multiplayer), and ease of integration with tools like Unity or Unreal Engine.