What is the best camera for computer vision?

The best camera for computer vision depends on the specific use case, but industrial-grade USB or GigE cameras like the FLIR Blackfly S or Basler ace series are often reliable choices. These cameras balance resolution, frame rate, and compatibility with computer vision libraries. For example, the FLIR Blackfly S offers global shutter sensors (which reduce motion blur), high-resolution options (up to 20 MP), and flexible interfaces like USB3 or Ethernet. They also provide SDKs that integrate with OpenCV, PyTorch, or TensorFlow, making them practical for developers. If cost is a concern, consumer-grade options like the Raspberry Pi Camera Module 3 or Intel RealSense depth cameras can suffice for prototyping.

When selecting a camera, prioritize technical specs that align with your project. Resolution (e.g., 4K for object detection in large scenes) and frame rate (e.g., 60+ FPS for real-time tracking) are critical. Global shutter sensors are preferable for fast-moving objects, while rolling shutters may suffice for static scenes. Connectivity is another factor: USB3 cameras are plug-and-play but limited by cable length, while GigE cameras (like those from Basler) support longer distances. Software support matters too—ensure the camera has drivers for your OS and APIs for capturing raw data. For example, the Intel RealSense D455 provides depth sensing and includes ROS drivers, which is useful for robotics applications.

For specialized tasks, consider cameras with unique capabilities. Depth sensors like the Intel RealSense or Stereolabs ZED are ideal for 3D reconstruction or SLAM. Low-light environments might require cameras with larger sensors (e.g., Sony IMX series) or infrared capabilities. Embedded systems often use the Raspberry Pi Camera Module 3 due to its compact size and compatibility with Python libraries like picamera. If you’re working on a budget, the Arducam series offers modular options for Raspberry Pi. Always test the camera in your actual environment—factors like lighting, motion, and processing latency can drastically affect performance, even if specs look good on paper.