修改 Collections
您可以重命名一个 Collection 或更改其设置。本页主要介绍如何修改 Collection。
重新命名 Collections
您可以按以下方式重命名一个 Collection。
from pymilvus import MilvusClient
client = MilvusClient(
uri="http://localhost:19530",
token="root:Milvus"
)
client.rename_collection(
old_name="my_collection",
new_name="my_new_collection"
)
import io.milvus.v2.service.collection.request.RenameCollectionReq;
import io.milvus.v2.client.ConnectConfig;
import io.milvus.v2.client.MilvusClientV2;
String CLUSTER_ENDPOINT = "http://localhost:19530";
String TOKEN = "root:Milvus";
// 1. Connect to Milvus server
ConnectConfig connectConfig = ConnectConfig.builder()
.uri(CLUSTER_ENDPOINT)
.token(TOKEN)
.build();
MilvusClientV2 client = new MilvusClientV2(connectConfig);
RenameCollectionReq renameCollectionReq = RenameCollectionReq.builder()
.collectionName("my_collection")
.newCollectionName("my_new_collection")
.build();
client.renameCollection(renameCollectionReq);
import { MilvusClient, DataType } from "@zilliz/milvus2-sdk-node";
const address = "http://localhost:19530";
const token = "root:Milvus";
const client = new MilvusClient({address, token});
const res = await client.renameCollection({
oldName: "my_collection",
newName: "my_new_collection"
});
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"github.com/milvus-io/milvus/client/v2/milvusclient"
)
ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
defer cancel()
milvusAddr := "localhost:19530"
token := "root:Milvus"
client, err := milvusclient.New(ctx, &milvusclient.ClientConfig{
Address: milvusAddr,
APIKey: token,
})
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err.Error())
// handle error
}
defer client.Close(ctx)
err = client.RenameCollection(ctx, milvusclient.NewRenameCollectionOption("my_collection", "my_new_collection"))
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err.Error())
// handle error
}
export CLUSTER_ENDPOINT="http://localhost:19530"
export TOKEN="root:Milvus"
curl --request POST \
--url "${CLUSTER_ENDPOINT}/v2/vectordb/collections/rename" \
--header "Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" \
--header "Content-Type: application/json" \
--header "Request-Timeout: 10" \
-d '{
"collectionName": "my_collection",
"newCollectionName": "my_new_collection"
}'
设置集合属性
创建集合后,您可以修改集合级属性。
支持的属性
属性 |
说明 |
|---|---|
|
如果需要在特定时间后删除 Collections 的数据,可考虑设置其生存时间(TTL)(以秒为单位)。一旦 TTL 超时,Milvus 就会删除 Collection 中的所有实体。 删除是异步的,这表明在删除完成之前,搜索和查询仍然可以进行。 详情请参阅设置 Collections TTL。 |
|
内存映射(Mmap)可实现对磁盘上大型文件的直接内存访问,允许 Milvus 在内存和硬盘中同时存储索引和数据。这种方法有助于根据访问频率优化数据放置策略,在不影响搜索性能的情况下扩大 Collections 的存储容量。 有关详情,请参阅使用 mmap。 |
|
启用分区密钥隔离后,Milvus 会根据分区密钥值对实体进行分组,并为每个分组创建单独的索引。收到搜索请求后,Milvus 会根据过滤条件中指定的 Partition Key 值定位索引,并将搜索范围限制在索引包含的实体内,从而避免在搜索过程中扫描不相关的实体,大大提高搜索性能。 有关详情,请参阅使用 Partition Key Isolation。 |
|
为创建时未启用动态字段的 Collections 启用动态字段。启用后,就可以插入带有原始 Schema 中未定义字段的实体。有关详情,请参阅动态字段。 |
|
当为 Collections 启用自动 ID 时,是否允许 Collections 接受用户提供的主键值。
|
|
在处理对时间敏感的操作(尤其是 |
例 1:设置 Collections TTL
以下代码片段演示了如何设置 Collections TTL。
from pymilvus import MilvusClient
client.alter_collection_properties(
collection_name="my_collection",
properties={"collection.ttl.seconds": 60}
)
import io.milvus.v2.service.collection.request.AlterCollectionReq;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
Map<String, String> properties = new HashMap<>();
properties.put("collection.ttl.seconds", "60");
AlterCollectionReq alterCollectionReq = AlterCollectionReq.builder()
.collectionName("my_collection")
.properties(properties)
.build();
client.alterCollection(alterCollectionReq);
res = await client.alterCollection({
collection_name: "my_collection",
properties: {
"collection.ttl.seconds": 60
}
})
err = client.AlterCollectionProperties(ctx, milvusclient.NewAlterCollectionPropertiesOption("my_collection").WithProperty(common.CollectionTTLConfigKey, 60))
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err.Error())
// handle error
}
export CLUSTER_ENDPOINT="http://localhost:19530"
export TOKEN="root:Milvus"
curl --request POST \
--url "${CLUSTER_ENDPOINT}/v2/vectordb/collections/alter_properties" \
--header "Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" \
--header "Content-Type: application/json" \
--header "Request-Timeout: 10" \
-d '{
"collectionName": "test_collection",
"properties": {
"collection.ttl.seconds": 60
}
}'
例 2:启用 mmap
以下代码片段演示了如何启用 mmap。
from pymilvus import MilvusClient
client.alter_collection_properties(
collection_name="my_collection",
properties={"mmap.enabled": True}
)
Map<String, String> properties = new HashMap<>();
properties.put("mmap.enabled", "True");
AlterCollectionReq alterCollectionReq = AlterCollectionReq.builder()
.collectionName("my_collection")
.properties(properties)
.build();
client.alterCollection(alterCollectionReq);
await client.alterCollectionProperties({
collection_name: "my_collection",
properties: {
"mmap.enabled": true
}
});
err = client.AlterCollectionProperties(ctx, milvusclient.NewAlterCollectionPropertiesOption("my_collection").WithProperty(common.MmapEnabledKey, true))
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err.Error())
// handle error
}
# restful
curl -X POST "http://localhost:19530/v2/vectordb/collections/alter_properties" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Request-Timeout: 10" \
-d '{
"collectionName": "my_collection",
"properties": {
"mmap.enabled": "true"
}
}'
示例 3:启用 Partition Key
以下代码片段演示了如何启用分区密钥。
from pymilvus import MilvusClient
client.alter_collection_properties(
collection_name="my_collection",
properties={"partitionkey.isolation": True}
)
Map<String, String> properties = new HashMap<>();
properties.put("partitionkey.isolation", "True");
AlterCollectionReq alterCollectionReq = AlterCollectionReq.builder()
.collectionName("my_collection")
.properties(properties)
.build();
client.alterCollection(alterCollectionReq);
await client.alterCollectionProperties({
collection_name: "my_collection",
properties: {
"partitionkey.isolation": true
}
});
err = client.AlterCollectionProperties(ctx, milvusclient.NewAlterCollectionPropertiesOption("my_collection").WithProperty(common.PartitionKeyIsolationKey, true))
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err.Error())
// handle error
}
# restful
curl -X POST "http://localhost:19530/v2/vectordb/collections/alter_properties" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Request-Timeout: 10" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer <token>" \
-d '{
"collectionName": "my_collection",
"properties": {
"partitionkey.isolation": "true"
}
}'
例 4:启用动态字段
以下代码片段演示了如何启用动态字段。
from pymilvus import MilvusClient
client.alter_collection_properties(
collection_name="my_collection",
properties={"dynamicfield.enabled": True}
)
Map<String, String> properties = new HashMap<>();
properties.put("dynamicfield.enabled", "True");
AlterCollectionReq alterCollectionReq = AlterCollectionReq.builder()
.collectionName("my_collection")
.properties(properties)
.build();
client.alterCollection(alterCollectionReq);
await client.alterCollectionProperties({
collection_name: "my_collection",
properties: {
"dynamicfield.enabled": true
}
});
err = client.AlterCollectionProperties(ctx, milvusclient.NewAlterCollectionPropertiesOption("my_collection").WithProperty(common.EnableDynamicSchemaKey, true))
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err.Error())
// handle error
}
# restful
curl -X POST "http://localhost:19530/v2/vectordb/collections/alter_properties" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Request-Timeout: 10" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer <token>" \
-d '{
"collectionName": "my_collection",
"properties": {
"dynamicfield.enabled": "true"
}
}'
例 5:启用 allow_insert_auto_id
allow_insert_auto_id 属性允许启用了 AutoID 的 Collections 在插入、上载和批量导入时接受用户提供的主键值。当设置为"true "时,Milvus会使用用户提供的主键值(如果存在),否则会自动生成。默认值为"假"。
下面的示例展示了如何启用allow_insert_auto_id :
client.alter_collection_properties(
collection_name="my_collection",
properties={"allow_insert_auto_id": "true"}
)
# After enabling, inserts with a PK column will use that PK; otherwise Milvus auto-generates.
Map<String, String> properties = new HashMap<>();
properties.put("allow_insert_auto_id", "True");
AlterCollectionReq alterCollectionReq = AlterCollectionReq.builder()
.collectionName("my_collection")
.properties(properties)
.build();
client.alterCollection(alterCollectionReq);
await client.alterCollectionProperties({
collection_name: "my_collection",
properties: {
"allow_insert_auto_id": true
}
});
err = client.AlterCollectionProperties(ctx, milvusclient.NewAlterCollectionPropertiesOption("my_collection").WithProperty(common.AllowInsertAutoIDKey, true))
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err.Error())
// handle error
}
# restful
curl -X POST "http://localhost:19530/v2/vectordb/collections/alter_properties" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Request-Timeout: 10" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer <token>" \
-d '{
"collectionName": "my_collection",
"properties": {
"allow_insert_auto_id": "true"
}
}'
例 6:设置 Collections 时区
您可以使用timezone 属性为您的 Collections 设置默认时区。这将决定在 Collections 中的所有操作(包括数据插入、查询和结果展示)中如何解释和显示与时间相关的数据。
timezone 的值必须是有效的IANA 时区标识符,如Asia/Shanghai 、America/Chicago 或UTC 。使用无效或非标准值将导致在修改 Collections 属性时出错。
下面的示例展示了如何将 Collections 时区设置为亚洲/上海:
client.alter_collection_properties(
collection_name="my_collection",
properties={"timezone": "Asia/Shanghai"}
)
Map<String, String> properties = new HashMap<>();
properties.put("timezone", "Asia/Shanghai");
AlterCollectionReq alterCollectionReq = AlterCollectionReq.builder()
.collectionName("my_collection")
.properties(properties)
.build();
client.alterCollection(alterCollectionReq);
// js
err = client.AlterCollectionProperties(ctx, milvusclient.NewAlterCollectionPropertiesOption("my_collection").WithProperty(common.CollectionDefaultTimezone, true))
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err.Error())
// handle error
}
# restful
curl -X POST "http://localhost:19530/v2/vectordb/collections/alter_properties" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Request-Timeout: 10" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer <token>" \
-d '{
"collectionName": "my_collection",
"properties": {
"timezone": "Asia/Shanghai"
}
}'
删除 Collection 属性
您还可以通过删除 Collection 属性来重置该属性,方法如下。
client.drop_collection_properties(
collection_name="my_collection",
property_keys=[
"collection.ttl.seconds"
]
)
client.dropCollectionProperties(DropCollectionPropertiesReq.builder()
.collectionName("my_collection")
.propertyKeys(Collections.singletonList("collection.ttl.seconds"))
.build());
client.dropCollectionProperties({
collection_name:"my_collection",
properties: ['collection.ttl.seconds'],
});
err = client.DropCollectionProperties(ctx, milvusclient.NewDropCollectionPropertiesOption("my_collection", common.CollectionTTLConfigKey))
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err.Error())
// handle error
}
curl --request POST \
--url "${CLUSTER_ENDPOINT}/v2/vectordb/collections/drop_properties" \
--header "Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" \
--header "Content-Type: application/json" \
--header "Request-Timeout: 10" \
-d '{
"collectionName": "my_collection",
"propertyKeys": [
"collection.ttl.seconds"
]
}'